Colorectal cancer screening: why get screened?

Evidation is on a mission to help our members and their families stay healthy through colorectal cancer screening.

What is colorectal cancer?

Colorectal cancer is the term used to refer to cancer that starts in the colon or rectum — which make up the large intestine. Sometimes it’s referred to as colon cancer or rectal cancer, depending on where it starts. 

Most colorectal cancer starts with a growth, called a polyp, on the lining of the colon or rectum. Polyps are common, especially in older adults, and most are benign (non-cancerous). However, sometimes these polyps can become cancerous over time. Which is why regular screening is so important. It saves lives. 

Colorectal cancer facts

• Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the 4th most common type of cancer. But the good news is, if caught early, it’s highly treatable.
• Certain individuals—including people of color and those with type 2 diabetes, a family history of CRC, inflammatory bowel disease, or hereditary conditions like Lynch syndrome—are considered higher risk.
• While CRC is most common in older adults, rates are rising in young adults.
• Colorectal cancer often has no symptoms in its early stages.
• However, symptoms can include changes in bowel habits, persistent abdominal discomfort, rectal bleeding, weakness, and/or unexplained weight loss. If you experience these symptoms, contact your healthcare provider and let them know your concerns.

Why get screened?

• It’s easy—and you have options, including colonoscopies and at-home stool tests.
• Screening can help detect cancer early and, in some cases, prevent it—colonoscopies can remove precancerous polyps before they become cancerous.
• Many screening options are low or no cost for those undergoing routine screening.
• Peace of mind—it’s normal to feel nervous about medical tests, but your future self will thank you.

Who should get screened?

• If you’re 45 or older, screening is recommended by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, the American Cancer Society, and the Colorectal Cancer Alliance for individuals at average risk.
• If you have certain risk factors, like those listed below, work with your healthcare provider to determine the right time to start screening—it’s often much earlier than 45.

Risk factors 

A risk factor is anything that increases your risk of developing cancer. Common risk factors for colorectal cancer include:

• Type 2 diabetes
• Being overweight or obese
• Dietary factors (like high-fat or heavy red meat diets)
• Low vitamin D levels
• Smoking
• Alcohol use
• Racial and ethnic background (Ashkenazi Jews, American Indian and Alaskan natives, and Black & African Americans are at higher risk)
• History of inflammatory bowel disease
• Family history of colon cancer

“A goal without a plan is just a wish.” – Antoine de Saint-Exupéry

What should I do now?

If you're 45 or older (or turning 45 soon) and have never been screened, now is the time to make a plan. Many people delay screening due to busy schedules—but prioritizing your health is worth it. Here’s what you can do next:

1. Call your doctor and ask about colorectal cancer screening. Set a calendar reminder, leave yourself a note, or ask a family member to help you follow through.
2. Have questions? The Colorectal Cancer Alliance offers a free helpline at (877) 422-2030, where you can speak with certified patient navigators.
3. Learn more about screening and prevention at the Colorectal Cancer Alliance website.
4. Already up to date? Check in with your family and encourage them to stay on top of their screenings too.

Screening saves lives

When found early, colorectal cancer is treatable and survival rates are high (over 90% when caught before stage 2). So catching it in the beginning stages is critical. But screening can also prevent colorectal cancer from developing at all. Precancerous polyps can be removed during a colonoscopy to prevent cancer from ever forming. 

If you’re 45 or older or have any of the risk factors mentioned above, make a plan to get screened — it could save your life. And don’t forget to talk to your loved ones too. Reminding your family and friends to get their screenings could save their lives as well.