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What happens to glucose after you eat?
Learn how glucose is digested, absorbed, and used after eating, plus signs of high and low blood sugar and factors that affect regulation.

Every time you eat a meal or snack containing carbohydrates, your body begins a complex process of breaking down food, absorbing nutrients, and delivering energy to your cells. One of the most important nutrients involved in this process is glucose, a simple sugar that serves as the body's primary source of fuel.
Understanding what happens to glucose after you eat can help you make sense of blood sugar changes, energy levels, and overall metabolic health. Here's a closer look at glucose digestion, glucose absorption, and how your body keeps blood sugar within a healthy range.
What is glucose?
Glucose is a simple sugar that comes from carbohydrate-containing foods. It is the body's preferred energy source, especially for the brain, muscles, and nervous system.
Some foods contain glucose naturally, while others contain carbohydrates that are broken down into glucose during digestion. Once glucose enters the bloodstream, it can be used immediately for energy or stored for later use.
Your body carefully regulates blood glucose levels because both excessively high and excessively low blood sugar can affect how you feel and function.
Simple vs. complex carbohydrates
The carbohydrates you eat influence how quickly glucose enters your bloodstream. Simple carbohydrates are made up of one or two sugar molecules and are digested quickly. Examples include table sugar, honey, candy, soft drinks, and fruit juice. Since they're broken down rapidly, simple carbohydrates can cause blood glucose levels to rise more quickly.
Complex carbohydrates generally take longer to digest. Examples of complex carbohydrates include whole grains, lentils, brown rice, oats, and vegetables. These types of carbohydrates have longer sugar molecule chains and provide fiber, minerals, and vitamins.
How carbohydrate digestion begins
The process of glucose digestion starts before food even reaches the stomach. When you chew, enzymes in your saliva begin breaking down certain carbohydrates into smaller molecules. After swallowing, food travels through the digestive tract and enters the stomach, where it is mixed and prepared for further digestion.
Most carbohydrate digestion occurs in the small intestine. There, enzymes produced by the pancreas and the intestinal lining continue breaking carbohydrates into simple sugars, including glucose. By the time digestion is complete, many of the carbohydrates you consumed have been converted into glucose molecules that are ready for absorption.
What is glucose absorption?
Glucose absorption is the process by which glucose moves from the digestive tract into the bloodstream. Most glucose absorption takes place in the small intestine. Specialized cells lining the intestinal wall transport glucose across the intestinal barrier and into nearby blood vessels.
Once absorbed, glucose enters the bloodstream and is carried throughout the body. Blood glucose levels naturally rise after eating as this newly absorbed glucose becomes available for energy.
Glucose absorption rates can vary depending on several factors, including:
- The type of carbohydrates you eat
- The amount of fiber you eat
- Whether you consume protein or fat alongside carbohydrates
- Physical activity levels
- Individual metabolic differences
Meals that contain fiber, protein, and healthy fats often slow digestion and glucose absorption, helping promote steadier blood sugar levels.
What happens after glucose enters the bloodstream?
As blood glucose levels rise, the pancreas releases insulin. Insulin is a hormone that acts like a key, helping glucose move from the bloodstream into cells where it can be used for energy.
Once inside cells, glucose may be:
- Used right away for energy
- Stored in muscles as glycogen
- Stored in the liver as glycogen
- Converted to fat for long-term storage
This process helps prevent blood glucose from remaining elevated after a meal. When cells respond well to insulin, glucose can move efficiently out of the bloodstream and into tissues.
Why blood sugar levels rise and fall
Blood glucose levels are constantly changing throughout the day. After eating, blood sugar typically rises as glucose absorption occurs. Between meals, blood sugar gradually declines as cells use glucose for energy. The body works continuously to maintain balance. Hormones such as insulin help lower blood glucose when levels rise, while other hormones help increase blood glucose when levels fall too low.
Factors that can influence blood sugar levels include:
- Meal composition
- Physical activity
- Sleep quality
- Stress
- Illness
- Certain medications
- Signs of high blood sugar
High blood sugar, also called hyperglycemia, occurs when glucose levels remain elevated.
Possible symptoms include:
- Increased thirst
- Frequent urination
- Fatigue
- Blurred vision
- Headaches
- Difficulty concentrating
Occasional fluctuations can occur (and are normal), but persistent high blood sugar issues should be discussed with a healthcare professional.
Signs of low blood sugar
Low blood sugar, or hypoglycemia, occurs when blood glucose levels drop below normal.
Common symptoms include:
- Shakiness
- Sweating
- Hunger
- Dizziness
- Rapid heartbeat
- Irritability
- Confusion
Severe hypoglycemia isn't just uncomfortable. It's a medical emergency that requires fast attention.
Understanding glucose and your body
After you eat, your body breaks carbohydrates down into glucose through the process of glucose digestion. The resulting glucose is absorbed through the small intestine and enters the bloodstream, where it becomes available for energy.
Through carefully coordinated processes involving digestion, glucose absorption, and hormones such as insulin, your body works to keep blood sugar levels within a healthy range. Understanding how glucose moves through the body can provide valuable insight into energy, metabolism, and overall health.
How Evidation can help you make smart health moves
When you download Evidation, you'll be prompted to share the health data you're already tracking. With your permission, we'll use the information you choose to share to find patterns and offer personalized, content-based insights that can help you make the decisions necessary to move your health in the right direction. Click here to learn more about Evidation and get started today.

Evidation Health and BARDA Partner on Early Warning System for COVID-19
On June 4th, Evidation Health announced a new effort to develop an early warning algorithm to detect symptoms of COVID-19 and to understand susceptibility to infection, funded by the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA), part of the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response at the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
Here at Evidation, we’ve been identifying opportunities to contribute to COVID research. THe Evidation app is a product of Evidation Health, and has a community of over 3 million and members all around the United States. With an engaged research population representing a variety of zip codes and demographics, we’re uniquely positioned to help researchers and organizations conduct meaningful research about the pandemic.
On June 4th, Evidation Health announced a new effort to develop an early warning algorithm to detect symptoms of COVID-19 and to understand susceptibility to infection, funded by the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA), part of the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response at the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
“Many infected individuals are asymptomatic but still able to spread the virus, making efforts to prevent and slow transmission of COVID-19 difficult,” said Luca Foschini, Ph.D., Evidation’s co-founder and chief data scientist. “This initiative will use novel behavioral and physiological data to more effectively identify when and where people may contract COVID-19, and can potentially enable real-time interventions to limit spread and monitor outcomes.”
The analysis, performed in collaboration with non-profit 4YouandMe, will use de-identified data generated by self-reporting and wearable devices to track symptoms of COVID-19 in those at particularly high risk, including health care workers and other first responders, in order to better understand susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection. One potential outcome of this work is an early warning algorithm to help individuals better understand and monitor their respiratory disease symptoms and take precautions against their spread.
“The ability to self-monitor and be informed of health status will empower Americans in their decisions to help slow the spread of this pandemic and improve health outcomes for people with COVID-19,” said BARDA Acting Director, Gary Disbrow, Ph.D. “This pilot study is not only an early step in demonstrating the utility of models developed using person-generated health data but also may provide data to better understand the varied symptoms of COVID-19.”
This program follows Evidation’s work with BARDA to monitor individuals for respiratory infections, such as influenza. Evidation’s existing research on influenza utilizes person-generated health data and population-based models with the goal of improving real-time respiratory infection monitoring at the individual and population level. BARDA is contributing a $720,000 award as part of BARDA’s COVID-19 Rapidly Deployable Capabilities program to identify and pilot near-term innovative solutions for COVID-19. Support from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation is from the $250 million the foundation has committed to address the COVID-19 pandemic.

How Evidation Members Rallied Together Through COVID Pulse Survey
Through this challenging time, we we've been inspired by our members who responded to many questions with great empathy and creativity as they have adapted to new routines
We’ve been continuing to monitor sentiment in the community around the coronavirus through an Evidation Survey called COVID Pulse. Since kicking off the survey on March 12th right after the coronavirus was declared a pandemic, we’ve been sending out a weekly survey to our members.
We wanted to quantify participation and interest and share some of the latest trends from our most recent surveys. After we released the first survey, we received over 120,000+ responses in five days from over 20,000 United States zip codes. The highest percentage of responses came from the age groups in the range of 30–39, followed by the 18–29 age range, and lastly, the 40–49 range. Though, we did see representation from members ages 18–80+! We’ve been pleasantly surprised by the number of members who have continued to check in week over week to share their sentiment surrounding coronavirus. In fact, 11% of survey respondents have completed all five COVID Pulse Surveys to date and 22%+ completed four out of five COVID Pulse Surveys.
Most recently, we saw that over 85% of respondents said that if social distancing and stay at home orders were lifted today, they would know what to do to reduce chances of contracting the coronavirus. We also saw that members would continue to take the necessary precautions even if social distancing guidelines and stay at home orders were lifted. Over 60% would continue to stay at home and maintain social distancing behaviors. Additionally, nearly 70% said they would continue to start to wear protective equipment (for example a face mask) in public settings. For those who responded in locations where shelter in place has been lifted, only ~25% of respondents said that they were attending small social events.
Through this challenging time, we were also inspired by our members who responded to many questions with great empathy and creativity as they have adapted to new routines. In fact, when asked about their concerns if they were to be diagnosed, 75% of respondents expressed concern over getting others sick in their worries. This fear was followed by 60% of respondents expressing their worry over the physical discomforts of getting sick. Regarding ways to minimize changes to physical and mental health, we’ve seen an uptick in individuals sharing the importance of maintaining whatever routines possible, avoiding or taking breaks from the news, and a continued connection through video chats with friends and family. In fact, maintaining connection through social media scored high for Evidation Members as a method to socialize with others. Both last week and this week, 70% of respondents said they used social media to socialize with other people.

Get Your Cooking Game On
We know that being stuck indoors can be tough, but hopefully getting creative in the kitchen continues to be a fun pastime for many.
As we continue to be home during the coronavirus, we wanted to share another collection of snack ideas that you can make at home. We know that being stuck indoors can be tough, but hopefully getting creative in the kitchen continues to be a fun pastime for many.
- Try your hand at making a sweet or savory dip at home! Check out this greek cucumber yogurt dip from the Today Show or this three ingredient Healthy Honey Mustard Dip from the blog Cupcakes and Kale Chips.
- Experiment with no-bake bars like this No Bake Chocolate Oat Bar from All Recipes.
- Make your own cup of Dalgona Coffee (the Coronavirus trend that’s bringing out everyone’s internal barista)
- Test out the dessert that’s on the rise — make this three ingredient crème brûlée.
- Bring Disneyland to your home with Disney’s official homemade churro recipe.
- In the absence of a trip to Benihana’s, learn how to make this chicken fried rice at home.
- Check out Wacky cake. It’s an old favorite that came from the Depression when there was less access to ingredients. This cake only takes a few, simple ingredients.
- Have some Nutella handy in your pantry? Make these DIY Nutella pops with two other ingredients and a popsicle stick.
- Eat breakfast like one of the royal family by trying out Prince Charles’ famous cheesy baked eggs
- If you’re feeling fancy, you can also give Queen Elizabeth’s drop scones a try.

Oura Ring + Evidation = Match Made in Heaven
We know a big part of your Evidation experience is connecting apps and wearables to your account. Did you know here are more than 15 apps you can connect to help you earn points faster?
We know a big part of your Evidation experience is connecting apps and wearables to your account. To date, there are 15+ apps that you can connect to Evidation to track different activities that you take. For a reminder of which apps are available and where you can connect these apps to your experience, check out the Connect Apps page here.

We’re pleased today to share that the Oura Ring is now available to connect to Evidation. To connect your OURA ring and app, please follow these directions below:
- Log into the Evidation app or website > middle tab (apps section)
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2. Connect > Oura > Log in to OURA account
Note: it may take a few minutes to sync. If the app shows ‘not yet synced’
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Please go back to the middle tab and click down to refresh the app. If all dates did not retroactively sync, we recommend to disconnect the app from Evidation and reconnect.
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Can a furry friend help you cope with COVID?
You may be wondering, can owning a dog help you live a bit healthier? It turns out that new dog owners in general are a promising sign of better health!
We know that the last few months have put everyone into a new funk. Work, lifestyles, and exercise are all uniquely different than they may have been back when 2020 started.
That’s why we decided to look at how Evidation Members were resting and perhaps coping with some of these changes. To better understand our community, we decided to look at members who logged fitbit data in 2019 and 2020 between January and April to see if the pandemic was causing people to change up their nap schedule (hopefully for the better). Total number of naps per user per day were counted and the average nap count per day was calculated across our Evidation population. See the figure below:
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It appears that members are indeed napping far more than they were in 2019, beginning at about the time shelter in place orders began (which was around March 15, 2020, see grey in graph). On average, after shelter in place began, Evidation Members napped 14.37% more compared to the previous year during this time period. That’s many more naps! And hopefully, people are using this time to rest and recuperate.
We know that being mindful of sleep is one way people can take care of their health. However, we also observed in the news that fostering dogs has been at an all time high. It has become so popular that there’s even a waitlist.
So, in addition to users napping far more compared to last year, we delved more into what other things users are doing differently during this uncertain time. We released a survey a few weeks ago asking our members about their dogs, what type of relationship they have with their pets, and their activity habits with their pets. We received over 35,000 responses!
The first thing we wanted to know about our members and their pets was whether they had recently fostered a dog. It turns out that many people have begun to foster dogs, likely due to the pandemic. In total, 1,500+ Achievers indicated that they fostered their dog in between February and April of this year. Compare that to only 450+ Achievers during that time period last year. It definitely appears that the pandemic is causing people to go out and lend a helping hand to a homeless dog.
Of the people who recently fostered a dog, 55% indicated that they are now working from home due to the coronavirus. 39% said that they are still going into work, and 5% indicated that they had worked at home prior to the pandemic. These newly remote workers appear to be helping keep these shelters empty.
You may be wondering, can owning a dog help you live a bit healthier? It turns out that new dog owners in general are a promising sign of better health! For those that got their dog in 2019 or 2020, we found that members walk on average about 350 steps more per day, comparing the 30 days prior to getting a dog with the 30 days post getting a dog. Even in pandemic times (though members are walking far less than their 2019 dog owner counterparts, by about 1000 steps per day for those that got their dogs in March and April), members with new dogs are getting a 200 step increase in steps pre vs post dog ownership! Of course, this is expected, and we’re happy to report that dogs can help you get more steps. This trend turned out to be especially true for the older folks in our population. The 50+ population increased their steps by about 500 steps on average, compared to the ~200 step increase for those who are less than 50. Take a look:
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Another interesting question we asked our members was whether or not they sleep with their pets and how often per week they sleep with their pets. While we didn’t see a necessary difference in sleep quality or total time when our members had their dog buddies snoozing with them, we did see many people report that they sleep next to their dogs. In fact, 73% of Evidation Members said they nap or sleep next to their dog, at least once per week. For members who said they nap or sleep next to their dog, over 19,000 reported to nap or sleep next to their dog at least 4 times a week! This may sound surprising for the folks who may not have furry pals, but many can attest that sleeping next to their dogs can be a comforting ritual.
The last thing we wanted to explore was whether we could learn anything about our members who had reported that having a dog had helped them manage with their health-condition (heart condition, limited mobility, etc). We found that 1000+ members agreed that having a dog helped. It seemed as though having a furry friend was very helpful for emotional support and well being. We did not find any concrete information around managing conditions, but were glad to hear that those who had self reported with many conditions (specifically anxiety, asthma, chronic pain, depression, diabetes, high cholesterol, hypertension and migraines) and who had a higher resting heart rate found having a pet to be supportive.

5 Ways to Live a Climate-Friendly Lifestyle While Sheltering In Place
5 tips to help you lead a more climate-friendly lifestyle all while safely sheltering in place!
This week, we celebrated Earth Day on April 22nd. While this year brought a fresh perspective on the day, we still found some great ideas on how to be involved even if some swaps to celebrations meant staying indoors.
We hope that these tips will help you lead a more climate-friendly lifestyle all while safely sheltering in place!
- NASA created all kinds of resources online to give Earth Day the proper 50th year celebration it deserved. Check out everything from satellite views of the planet to global archives of photos capturing hurricanes, wildfires, icebergs and more!
- Try planting something and create a little garden. For simple tips, read more in this USA Today Article.
- Experiment with a plant based meal. If you have a sweet tooth, check out these quick, easy swaps.
- Make a grocery list via any of these apps (AnyList, Mealime, Bring! to name a few) to more easily keep track of home food needs.
- Small actions can have a big impact! Switch to paperless bank statements where you can and make sure to unplug electronic devices and appliances when you aren’t using them around your home.

Give the Happiness Project Podcast a Listen
Check out The Happiness Lab podcast by Dr. Laurie Santos
Given how tumultuous a time it has been for all, we found this podcast with episodes that will lift your spirits. The Happiness Lab podcast is narrated by Dr. Laurie Santos who is a Yale professor who teaches a class called “Psychology and the Good Life.” Through various episodes, Dr. Santos references the latest, relevant scientific research and relates them to everyday experiences and some unusual moments.
In this specific series, she’s curated a variety of content related to coping with the coronavirus. We found a lot of the commentary relatable and useful.
The content specific to coronavirus includes the following:
- Beat Your Isolation Loneliness
- Coach Yourself Through a Crisis
- Rising to a Challenge
- Calm Can Be Contagious
- Help Others to Help Yourself
- Keep Your Relationship Happy
- Checking in with Susan David
Susan David is a Psychologist at Harvard Medical School who offers ways to manage fear and panic through healthy strategies that anyone can adopt. - Laurie’s Personal Tips

How Evidation Members Are Hacking Together Home Workouts
Exercise tips, routines, and links to favorite home workout videos from our Evidation Memebers
Though many people generally exercise at home, we know that there are many others who have had to recreate their regular exercise habits during this time of sheltering in place. We polled our Evidation community, and 70% of members who responded said they have been finding new ways to exercise or stay active during the coronavirus pandemic. We then asked our members to share some of their exercise tips, routines, and links to their favorite home workout videos and helpful stretches to inspire others.
Here are a few ways you can exercise at home:
- If you do not have a home gym set up or any weights, you can find ways to use household items to get a great exercise in.
- Similarly, instead of buying separate weights to create your own home gym, you can also purchase exercise video games for the whole family to join on the fun.
- Online videos and streaming sites like YouTube are common places that Achievers are getting exercise routines from. Here’s a list of fitness gyms and studios that are offering free classes.
- Fitness apps like Fitbit or MyFitnessPal also offer exercise tips for at home workouts and is also an easy way to keep track of your progress as well.
- Pinterest has been a popular site for inspiration and tips since Achievers are able to pin multiple resources to one place. Here’s an example of the many you can find.
- Zumba is an exercise-dance program that has been great to do in groups or by yourself. Here’s a resource to do Zumba at home.
- You can search social media platforms to find inspiring fitness instructors or live exercise sessions. Platforms like Facebook, Instagram, or Snapchat are easy places to start!
- Create your own workout routine or do the alphabet challenge by doing bodyweight exercises that spell out your name. You can start out with your name, your pet’s name, or anyone else in your household!
- If you’re looking for other ways to get your cardio in, you can try jump rope exercises. It’s a simple, but effective way to increase your heart rate and work out multiple areas.
- Another helpful exercise is stretching your muscles, it’s a great way to start or end your exercise session.
- For Achievers who may have limited mobility or who have chronic pain, these exercises and stretches are a great way to keep your body moving.
- If you’re looking for other ways to improve your flexibility or range of motion, yoga and pilates can be a fun way to stretch your muscles. It’s great for anyone at any difficulty level!
- Other exercises like barre offer a mixture of isometric holds to increase strength and also improve posture. Barre also requires little to no equipment!
- Whether you own a regular bike or a stationary bike, biking is one exercise that is easy on the joints and helps reduce stress. Here’s a few tips on how to make biking more fun.
- Practicing tai chi and breathing exercises offers many benefits for both your mental and physical health. You can stream videos to follow along and do them on your own once you learn the motion.

Take Two: Creative Coronavirus Meals
We've had so many great community submissions that we wanted to round up a few more to share in our second recipe digest.
Coronavirus has changed our usual cooking routine! We hope that turning to the kitchen to try a new recipe has helped create some calm during an otherwise crazy time. We had so many great community submissions last week that we wanted to round up a few more to share in our second recipe digest.
Chicken Centered Recipes:
- Chicken Bread Recipe
- Spicy Basil Thai Chicken
- Baked Lemon Garlic Chicken
- Chicken Salad
- One Pot Creamy Chicken Tortellini
Veggie Friendly Meals:
- Cauliflower Mac and Cheese
- Socca Pizza with Sun-dried Tomatoes and Pesto
- Easy Hummus
- Chickpea and Spinach Curry
- Paleo Sweet Potato Toast
- BBQ Jackfruit Sandwiches with Avocado Slaw
- Black Bean Sweet Potato Enchiladas
Baking Goodness:
- 3 Ingredient Flatbread
- 30 minute dinner rolls
- Banana Bread and an oatmeal banana bread variety (for an extra twist banana coffee cake!)
- Creamy 1 ingredient banana ice cream
- Chocolate Chip Oatmeal Breakfast Squares
- Chocolate Peanut Butter No Bakes
As a reminder, we’ve pinned all of these to our Creative Coronavirus Meals board on Pinterest.