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How much REM sleep do you need for a healthy lifestyle?
Here, we'll explore how much REM sleep you need each night, as well as tips that can help you get the rest your body needs.
Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep isn't just the part of the night where you dream—it's also vital for your mental and physical health. When you fail to get enough REM sleep, you might notice negative effects, including memory problems, anxiety, and depression. You may also notice that you get sick more often than normal, as a lack of REM sleep can hinder your immune system's ability to fight off bacteria and viruses.
Here, we'll explore everything you need to know about REM sleep, including how much REM sleep you need to feel your best, how to know if you're getting enough REM sleep, and how you can use your sleep tracker and Evidation's data analysis tools to make the most of your shut-eye.
What is REM sleep?
During a typical night of sleep, your brain and body move through four sleep stages known as N1, N2 (light sleep), N3 (deep sleep), and rapid eye movement, or REM sleep (vivid dreaming). Each sleep stage is important and plays a crucial role in helping you to wake up feeling relaxed and refreshed.
REM sleep is named after the fast movements that your eyes make under your eyelids during this stage. For most people, the first cycle of REM sleep begins about 90 minutes after you initially enter the N1 (first) stage of the sleep cycle. Stages of REM sleep become longer and longer as the night goes on.
During REM sleep, your brain is very active—similarly to when you're awake. In addition to increased levels of brain activity, your body may also show increased activity in the form of an increased respiratory rate (faster breathing), a faster heartbeat, and a higher-than-normal level of muscle relaxation.
Some of the processes that occur during REM sleep include:
- Emotional processing: During this sleep stage, your brain processes and regulates emotions, which may help to alleviate stress.
- Memory consolidation: Your brain gets countless informational inputs each day, and your brain needs time to decide what to keep and what to forget, strengthening your memories as you sleep.
- Problem-solving: Researchers believe that REM sleep can facilitate problem-solving abilities by allowing the brain to draw connections between new ideas.
- Brain development: Plenty of REM sleep is especially important for infants and young children, as this sleep phase supports healthy brain development.
Researchers are still learning about what happens during REM sleep. It's thought that REM sleep is important for supporting certain types of learning, such as motor skills.
What happens if you don't get enough REM sleep?
Missing out on REM sleep can leave you feeling exhausted—and it can negatively affect your overall health.
One of the first things you might notice is trouble focusing or remembering things. REM sleep helps to turn your short-term memories into long-term memories. If you're not spending enough time in this sleep stage, you may find that it's harder to recall information.
You might also notice that you have trouble regulating your emotions when you're not getting enough REM sleep. Spending enough time in REM sleep can act as an emotional reset for your brain, helping you process feelings and handle stress in a healthy way.
While you're unlikely to notice serious negative physical health effects after a single poor night of sleep, missing out on REM sleep consistently over time can make it harder to stay healthy. In addition to lowering immune function, a lack of REM sleep can increase the likelihood of issues like weight gain, diabetes, and heart disease.
How much REM sleep do you need?
There are several factors that play a role in determining how much REM sleep you need, including age, gender, and health conditions. Most people feel their best when their REM sleep makes up 20-25% of total sleep time. For healthy adults, this means about 1.5 to 2 hours of your nightly 7 to 9 hours of sleep will be spent in REM cycles.
Since REM sleep cycles get longer as the night goes on, it's essential that you get a full night of sleep to maximize the time you spend in REM.
How to know if you're getting enough REM sleep
Even if you spend a healthy number of hours asleep each night, poor-quality sleep can cause you to miss out on complete REM cycles, which can leave you feeling exhausted. Staying up too late, dealing with excessive amounts of acute and/or chronic stress, and sleep disorders can all make it hard to get the amount of REM sleep you need to feel your best.
If you're feeling groggy when you wake up despite getting plenty of sleep, you're struggling with memory issues or having trouble concentrating, or you're struggling to regulate your emotions despite no new stressors, you may not be getting enough REM sleep.
Key tips to improve REM sleep
Ready to improve your sleep, wake up feeling more rested, and give your immune system the boost that it needs to help you stay healthy? Getting an appropriate amount of REM sleep can be your ticket to feeling strong and energized throughout the day.
Try these tips to support healthy REM sleep.
Create a nighttime routine
Engaging in calming activities before you go to bed can help set you up for a great night of sleep, including plenty of time spent in your REM cycles. Activities like reading, meditating, or taking a warm bath can all help signal to your brain that it's time to prepare for rest.
Limit alcohol and caffeine
While alcohol may make it easier to drift off initially, it can make it harder to get restful sleep. Avoiding alcohol altogether is best. If you're going to drink, be sure to stop at least a few hours before bedtime, and drink plenty of water. Caffeine can also disrupt your sleep. While it's unlikely that a morning cup of coffee (or two) will cause problems, it's a good idea to pay attention to the way that caffeine affects your sleep. Cutting off caffeinated drinks around noon can make it easier to fall and stay asleep.
Avoid screens before bed
While it can be relaxing to lay in bed and scroll through your favorite social media site, doing so can wreak havoc on healthy sleep patterns. When you use your phone, TV, or other screen devices, you're exposing yourself to blue light, making it more difficult for you to get restful sleep. Blue light suppresses melatonin, the hormone that regulates sleep.
Manage stress
We get it—life is stressful, and sometimes, that stress interferes with sleep. When stress levels get too high, your brain and body may struggle to spend enough time in your REM sleep cycles. Practicing stress-reducing techniques—like journaling, meditating, or practicing yoga—can help you reduce stress levels so you can get consistent, restful sleep.
Sleep tracking and Evidation: your great sleep duo
At Evidation, we use the data that you're already tracking (and choose to share with us) to find patterns and provide you with insights that can help you feel your best. When you choose to share health information with us, we use multiple data points to find and provide you with personalized, content-based insights you can use to drive your health forward.
Ready to get started? Click here to download the free Evidation app and learn more about what we do.
Why you might be stuck in your health goals
We’ve all been there — the “new year, new me” mindset where the first few months of the year we quickly shift our habits in order to become a better version of ourselves. However, right as the ball gets rolling, the progress suddenly stops.
We’ve all been there — the “new year, new me” mindset where the first few months of the year we quickly shift our habits in order to become a better version of ourselves. However, right as the ball gets rolling, the progress suddenly stops. Why am I not running as far? Why am I not losing any more weight? What am I doing wrong? Here are 5 key points we found that might have you stuck with your health goals (hint: it’s not your fault!)
1. The Inevitable Plateau
According to a Washington post article, once you gain the initial traction, there will be an inevitable plateau. It’s actually part of the journey. You didn’t do anything wrong, but rather you hit a milestone. Once you achieve your small goals, the journey is just beginning!
The plateau is your body’s way of telling you that you may need to switch up your fitness or eating regime to keep your body stimulated and get the most benefits from your efforts! Remember that health does not have an endpoint, it is a journey with a myriad of challenges and achievements that help sustain healthy behaviors.
2. Having grit: make a plan and stick to it!
To overcome the plateau, it’s important to analyze your goals. But first, what are they? Why do you want to achieve these goals? What steps can you take right now to achieve your goals? Having grit shows that you are resilient, able to persevere through tough situations, and keep your eye on the prize.
Remember that your journey towards better health may be nonlinear and may come with obstacles. But it’s important to create a system that works for you and make your goals attainable. According to Plunkett of the Washington Post, “the main difference between an average adult and a high-level athlete isn’t a lack of talent or willpower but rather a lack of a system.” At Achievement, we’re here to help you reach your goals no matter how big or small. Whether it is walking 5,000 steps or 25,000 steps per day, you will be rewarded for your healthy actions!
3. Have someone nudge you — accountability and buddy system
A few health experts like Dr. Arefa Cassoobhoy found that she does better when she shares her health goals with someone else. It’s important to have someone support you and be able to share wins and losses during your health journey. Having someone join you will also hold you accountable to reach your goals, and you may be helping someone else reach theirs! Win-win!
Additionally, digital health trackers are a great way to help hold you accountable to health goals and track your journey. Our in-house research team looked at thousands of individuals using digital health trackers and found a positive association between activity tracking frequency and weight loss. Just one more reason to try out a new health and wellness app for some extra accountability.
4. Rethink, don’t sink.
Perspective is key — making healthy choices shouldn’t be seen as a chore, but more of making everyday incremental investments to be a better version of yourself. Instead of having the same routine for months straight, mix it up. Try a new exercise, mix up your sleep routine, or try adding daily meditation to your day to see what works for you. This will stimulate more progression and get you out of the plateau sooner.
If you dislike running, try substituting running for something that still keeps your heart going like swimming. If you dislike eating certain foods, try substituting those foods with other ones you like that offer the same nutrition. Your health journey is not a race to the finish line — remember that this journey is about learning and creating the best version of yourself.
Cultivating confidence and finding the reasons behind your goals will help motivate you through the journey. PennState Extension Educator Lynn James stated building confidence, praise, and support are key factors in motivating you to reach your health goals. Furthermore, take time to thank your body. Akin to health expert Samantha Heller, a registered dietitian and exercise physiologist, shares that your body is working 24/7 to keep you alive; therefore, we should appreciate our body and hone in on practicing positive body image.
5. Pat yourself on the back: reward yourself.
Lastly, recognize that you are making strides and meeting milestones in your journey. For all the hard work you put in, you deserve to treat yourself! Through the Achievement app, you can connect and earn points for cash for your hard work! Woo-hoo! Our research team notes how incentives can help form habits. In this case, we want to reward you for the healthy actions you take to form healthy habits.
You can make a reward system that best suits your lifestyle, such as going to the movies or going out with your loved ones after completing your week’s workout. If you have been diligent in preparing your meals and enjoy making your own meals and drinks, use your Achievement reward to treat yourself to buying the nice blender that you wanted for your smoothies or slow cooker for your weekly meals. If you have been sticking to your exercise routine, use your rest day to spend some time hanging out with your family or friends and share your journey with them.
At Achievement, we strive to support you along your health journey and make it enjoyable. We hope that these key points and tips will give you the boost you needed to carry on and continue to progress. Was there something that we missed that made it on your motivator list? We’d love to hear your thoughts in the comments below!
Meet Our Community of Evidation Members
We recently shared a survey out to our community. The feedback and responses we’ve been receiving from our work and research brings us comfort and assurance knowing that the Evidation app has made a positive impact on your lives.
At Evidation, we're committed to putting our community first and to helping you reach your health goals no matter how big or small. We recently shared a survey out to our community. The feedback and responses we’ve been receiving from our work and research brings us comfort and assurance knowing that the Evidation app has made a positive impact on your lives. Our community of members is our driving force to create and learn new things that help you reach your health goals. Your stories have truly hit it home for us, and we love reading them.
We’re excited to continue to be part of your health journey and guide you in any step you need to keep achieving. Want to hear more about what our community of members feel? Meet the community and read their responses:
“I’ve been using Evidation for about 2 months now. I need to get back into exercising to earn more points. I like that it offers interesting articles to read and surveys. I enjoy Evidation because it will help me to reach my goals!” — (Emily D., Michigan)
“I have been using Evidation for a few years now. I participated in the 1yr Cognitive Health Study that really helped me to know how to improve my cognitive health and protect my brain from damage due to diet and environment. It motivated me to start an exercise class for seniors. This photo was last week. As of today we have 11 in the class. I am blessed!” — (Janet A., California)
“I have been using Evidation for probably close to 2 years now. I am hoping more people continue to use this so that data can be collected on activity, diet, weight, and sleep patterns and be studied to see the effects on health. This app has definitely made me track my weight closer and log my food more as well. I think this is a great app that may motivate people to make changes for a healthier lifestyle and better quality of life.” — (Ryan A., Florida)
“I was lucky enough to be chosen as one of the participants in the [cognitive health] study. It was a great experience and has made me more aware of what I need to do to keep my memory healthy. It has taught me which foods are essential for mental health and the need for exercise.” — (Carol C., PA)
“I have been using Evidation since the beginning of the year and it has been an awesome tool to quantifying my activities each day. I am a marathon runner but Evidation has been awesome for seeing all of the activities aside from running. It also just runs in the background of my daily life and will eventually earn me some money. I have been managing my own blog for my running for the past year and Evidation is changing the game for me.” — (Amanda R., South Carolina)
“I’ve been using Evidation now for about a month and a half and it’s amazing that I can earn money for being active! I challenge myself everyday to walk more and more to earn even more points then I did the day before. Cheers to being healthy! :)” — (Madison S., Indiana)
“It has been difficult to find a health routine to fit my third shift schedule. Working from midnight to 8 am sometimes forces you to eat bad food to stay awake! Fitbit and Evidation keep me accountable. I am now on a workout routine that gives me energy to put my all into work and my relationships outside of work.” — (Lauren B., Ohio)
“Evidation has been great in motivating me to get to a better place. Seeing the points I accumulate only makes me want to do more! I signed up as a means to better my health due to having high blood pressure since the age of 3. About two years ago, I decided to take up running to help do my part. Since then I have been getting faster, going farther, and feeling better than I ever have!” — (Eddy R., Pennsylvania)
“Having an app pay me to work out definitely has given me the motivation to join a gym and become a healthier happier person. I was also part of a migraine study which I hope my data is used to help someway in the future.” — (Katie N., MA)
Thanks again to all of our Evidation Members who have already shared their amazing stories. We’d love to hear from more of you! What does Evidation mean to you? What do you want to achieve? How can we help get you there? And let’s not forget, you can be a part of our Evidation community! Check out some of their awesome smiles below.
Can sleep patterns tell us the severity of our anxiety or depression?
Depression and anxiety can have a huge impact on our daily lives and overall health. It can affect our mood, social interactions, sleep and more, but can our daily behaviors predict the severity of our anxiety and depression? Our research team sought to find out more.
We know that anxiety and depression affect many of you, with 7 out of 10 adults in the U.S. saying they experience stress or anxiety daily. Depression and anxiety can have a huge impact on our daily lives and overall health. It can affect our mood, social interactions, sleep and more, but can our daily behaviors predict the severity of our anxiety and depression? Our research team sought to find out more.
What we tested
We enrolled over 1,000 participants in a clinical study with self-reported anxiety and depression and assessed the participants’ mental health states by looking at the following for each individual:
- Anxiety and depression symptoms
- Number of hospitalizations and ER visits for anxiety/depression
- Use of anxiety and depression medications
We then looked at participants’ sleep metrics and patterns for the previous three months.
What we learned
Severe depression was significantly associated with inconsistent and disordered sleep patterns, such as spending a great amount of time in bed awake. Individuals taking medications for their anxiety and/or depression were likely to sleep more compared to those not receiving treatment, however, they also had inconsistent sleep patterns. Participants who had been previously hospitalized for anxiety and/or depression were more likely to have inconsistent sleep patterns as well.
What does this mean?
We all know that a lack of sleep can affect our daily lives, but it can also be associated with severe depression and anxiety. This means that certain sleep patterns might be able to predict the severity of an individual’s mental well-being in the future. With further research we’d like to understand if tracking sleep behavior could predict changes in the severity of an individual’s mental health condition.
Thanks to all of our members who participated in this research about how daily behaviors, like sleep, can tell help researchers to better understand anxiety and depression. If you’re interested in contributing to innovative research, we are regularly running new studies at Evidation.
3 Reasons Why Tracking Your Health Can Help You Participate in Better Health Outcomes
Here are the top three reasons why tracking your health with Evidation will help you be part of something just a little bit bigger than yourself this holiday season.
According to 2015 Pew Research, “one in three cell phone owners have used their phone to look for health information.” Four years ago, we started Evidation to help everyone understand their personal health, take control of their health journey, and help contribute to improving the health of everyone. Here are the top three reasons why tracking your health with Evidation will help you be part of something just a little bit bigger than yourself this holiday season.
1. Actively participate in your health
With the over 30+ apps that you can connect to Evidation, we’re able to look at patterns of activity levels and do a deep dive into tracking health and wellness. We’ve published research around how your social engagements can impact activity levels. Lastly, we’ve given our community a chance to learn from each other, asking communities of individuals what questions they have for one another and sharing back the results.
2. Learn about health and research through insights
With a community of over a million, we’re constantly looking for opportunities to highlight and share relevant research tailored to you. We’ve also done deep dives on seasonal trends over the last year, including a step analysis around the Pokemon Go phenomenon, the difference between men and women during Back to School, and a look across the United States at Halloween calorie count.
3. Participate in ground-breaking research to advance the health of everyone
We’re focused on building a product that makes your interactions with health unified. We believe that health is much more than a visit to the doctor. It’s a constant effort every day of how to track/monitor healthy activities — whether it be steps taken, heart rate monitored, sleep tracked, or even meditation sessions executed. Sign up for Evidation today and starting taking health-related actions, including contributing to cutting-edge clinical studies that are tailored to your specific health conditions.
Dads vs. Moms: How does the transition from summer to fall impact activity levels?
The change in seasons often brings with it a change in routine. We wanted to know how the transition from summer to fall affects our health and wellness, and we’re excited to share these insights from members.
The change in seasons often brings with it a change in routine. So we wanted to know how the transition from summer to fall affects our health and wellness, and we’re excited to share these insights from Evidation Members.
The transition to fall can be especially cumbersome for parents as they juggle back to school duties, but is one parent more impacted than the other by the changing season? We decided to take a closer look at how moms and dads health holds up during the seasonal transition. We were also curious to explore how sleep and steps between parents and non-parents compared.
Who is catching more zzzs?
We uncovered a statistically significant gender disparity between moms and dads. Moms sleep 5 minutes less in the summer than their non-mom counterparts. As the school year ramps up in late August and early September, the difference is significantly more pronounced on weekdays. Moms sleep 10 minutes less than their non-mom counterparts. Dads, on the other hand, show no consistent differences from their counterparts in summer or fall. If anything, they may sleep slightly more.
Moms are also taking a bigger hit in sleep interruption than Dads. Moms sleep 0.34% less than non-moms and 1.4% less than dads. Surprisingly though, non-dads have the most sleep interruptions, spending 8.3% of the night awake.
What time is everyone falling asleep?
Moms fall asleep 12 minutes earlier than non-moms, while dads fall asleep 24 minutes earlier than non-dads. So, while dads don’t seem to be sleeping any less if they are a parent, they appear to be shifting their sleep schedules more. Interestingly, all four groups shift their bedtimes earlier in fall, possibly due to earlier sunsets.
Who is taking more steps?
Moms take fewer steps than non-moms in general. During the summer, moms take 427 fewer steps/day on weekends and 243 fewer steps/day on weekdays. However, when the school year starts, their weekends show an even larger deficit, at 543 fewer steps/day vs non-moms. Their weekdays step counts improve markedly, though, at just 85 fewer steps/day than non-moms.
Dads show the opposite pattern. They actually take more steps than non-dads. In the summer, they have an average of 250 steps/day more than non-dads, while in the fall, they have an average of 348 steps/day more than non-dads.