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How much REM sleep do you need for a healthy lifestyle?
Here, we'll explore how much REM sleep you need each night, as well as tips that can help you get the rest your body needs.
Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep isn't just the part of the night where you dream—it's also vital for your mental and physical health. When you fail to get enough REM sleep, you might notice negative effects, including memory problems, anxiety, and depression. You may also notice that you get sick more often than normal, as a lack of REM sleep can hinder your immune system's ability to fight off bacteria and viruses.
Here, we'll explore everything you need to know about REM sleep, including how much REM sleep you need to feel your best, how to know if you're getting enough REM sleep, and how you can use your sleep tracker and Evidation's data analysis tools to make the most of your shut-eye.
What is REM sleep?
During a typical night of sleep, your brain and body move through four sleep stages known as N1, N2 (light sleep), N3 (deep sleep), and rapid eye movement, or REM sleep (vivid dreaming). Each sleep stage is important and plays a crucial role in helping you to wake up feeling relaxed and refreshed.
REM sleep is named after the fast movements that your eyes make under your eyelids during this stage. For most people, the first cycle of REM sleep begins about 90 minutes after you initially enter the N1 (first) stage of the sleep cycle. Stages of REM sleep become longer and longer as the night goes on.
During REM sleep, your brain is very active—similarly to when you're awake. In addition to increased levels of brain activity, your body may also show increased activity in the form of an increased respiratory rate (faster breathing), a faster heartbeat, and a higher-than-normal level of muscle relaxation.
Some of the processes that occur during REM sleep include:
- Emotional processing: During this sleep stage, your brain processes and regulates emotions, which may help to alleviate stress.
- Memory consolidation: Your brain gets countless informational inputs each day, and your brain needs time to decide what to keep and what to forget, strengthening your memories as you sleep.
- Problem-solving: Researchers believe that REM sleep can facilitate problem-solving abilities by allowing the brain to draw connections between new ideas.
- Brain development: Plenty of REM sleep is especially important for infants and young children, as this sleep phase supports healthy brain development.
Researchers are still learning about what happens during REM sleep. It's thought that REM sleep is important for supporting certain types of learning, such as motor skills.
What happens if you don't get enough REM sleep?
Missing out on REM sleep can leave you feeling exhausted—and it can negatively affect your overall health.
One of the first things you might notice is trouble focusing or remembering things. REM sleep helps to turn your short-term memories into long-term memories. If you're not spending enough time in this sleep stage, you may find that it's harder to recall information.
You might also notice that you have trouble regulating your emotions when you're not getting enough REM sleep. Spending enough time in REM sleep can act as an emotional reset for your brain, helping you process feelings and handle stress in a healthy way.
While you're unlikely to notice serious negative physical health effects after a single poor night of sleep, missing out on REM sleep consistently over time can make it harder to stay healthy. In addition to lowering immune function, a lack of REM sleep can increase the likelihood of issues like weight gain, diabetes, and heart disease.
How much REM sleep do you need?
There are several factors that play a role in determining how much REM sleep you need, including age, gender, and health conditions. Most people feel their best when their REM sleep makes up 20-25% of total sleep time. For healthy adults, this means about 1.5 to 2 hours of your nightly 7 to 9 hours of sleep will be spent in REM cycles.
Since REM sleep cycles get longer as the night goes on, it's essential that you get a full night of sleep to maximize the time you spend in REM.
How to know if you're getting enough REM sleep
Even if you spend a healthy number of hours asleep each night, poor-quality sleep can cause you to miss out on complete REM cycles, which can leave you feeling exhausted. Staying up too late, dealing with excessive amounts of acute and/or chronic stress, and sleep disorders can all make it hard to get the amount of REM sleep you need to feel your best.
If you're feeling groggy when you wake up despite getting plenty of sleep, you're struggling with memory issues or having trouble concentrating, or you're struggling to regulate your emotions despite no new stressors, you may not be getting enough REM sleep.
Key tips to improve REM sleep
Ready to improve your sleep, wake up feeling more rested, and give your immune system the boost that it needs to help you stay healthy? Getting an appropriate amount of REM sleep can be your ticket to feeling strong and energized throughout the day.
Try these tips to support healthy REM sleep.
Create a nighttime routine
Engaging in calming activities before you go to bed can help set you up for a great night of sleep, including plenty of time spent in your REM cycles. Activities like reading, meditating, or taking a warm bath can all help signal to your brain that it's time to prepare for rest.
Limit alcohol and caffeine
While alcohol may make it easier to drift off initially, it can make it harder to get restful sleep. Avoiding alcohol altogether is best. If you're going to drink, be sure to stop at least a few hours before bedtime, and drink plenty of water. Caffeine can also disrupt your sleep. While it's unlikely that a morning cup of coffee (or two) will cause problems, it's a good idea to pay attention to the way that caffeine affects your sleep. Cutting off caffeinated drinks around noon can make it easier to fall and stay asleep.
Avoid screens before bed
While it can be relaxing to lay in bed and scroll through your favorite social media site, doing so can wreak havoc on healthy sleep patterns. When you use your phone, TV, or other screen devices, you're exposing yourself to blue light, making it more difficult for you to get restful sleep. Blue light suppresses melatonin, the hormone that regulates sleep.
Manage stress
We get it—life is stressful, and sometimes, that stress interferes with sleep. When stress levels get too high, your brain and body may struggle to spend enough time in your REM sleep cycles. Practicing stress-reducing techniques—like journaling, meditating, or practicing yoga—can help you reduce stress levels so you can get consistent, restful sleep.
Sleep tracking and Evidation: your great sleep duo
At Evidation, we use the data that you're already tracking (and choose to share with us) to find patterns and provide you with insights that can help you feel your best. When you choose to share health information with us, we use multiple data points to find and provide you with personalized, content-based insights you can use to drive your health forward.
Ready to get started? Click here to download the free Evidation app and learn more about what we do.
Together We Can Achieve More
At Evidation, we’re focused on meeting people where they are and helping them along their health journey.
At Evidation, we’re focused on meeting people where they are and helping them along their health journey. Our engaged community of members represents 96% of U.S. counties and includes individuals across ages, ethnicities, and socioeconomic backgrounds. This community puts us in a unique position to learn from one another and contribute to meaningful health research.
With a mission of helping people participate in better health outcomes, we're committed to identifying opportunities that are inclusive of all and educating ourselves on the social issues that are impacting the world. To truly achieve our mission of helping people participate in better health outcomes, we recognize we have more work to do. Our commitment going forward:
- Provide our members with educational content around health and race curated by our team of researchers.
- Put in place more inclusive study opportunities for members to participate in.
- Do our part as a research company to participate in inclusive clinical research practices to ensure diverse and generalizable results through diverse participant recruitment and participation.
- Hold ourselves accountable by reporting our progress out to our members.
We’re committed to supporting long-term systematic change and stand in solidarity with our Black teammates, Evidation Members, and the entire Black community. We know this is only the beginning of the conversation, and we need to continue to fight for equality. We’ll continue to listen, educate ourselves, take action, hold ourselves accountable, and pledge to do our best to support all communities to participate in better health outcomes.
An immediate change we’re pleased to share is that Evidation Members can now donate their rewards to these charities:
American Civil Liberties Union
Evidation Health and BARDA Partner on Early Warning System for COVID-19
On June 4th, Evidation Health announced a new effort to develop an early warning algorithm to detect symptoms of COVID-19 and to understand susceptibility to infection, funded by the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA), part of the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response at the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
Here at Evidation, we’ve been identifying opportunities to contribute to COVID research. THe Evidation app is a product of Evidation Health, and has a community of over 3 million and members all around the United States. With an engaged research population representing a variety of zip codes and demographics, we’re uniquely positioned to help researchers and organizations conduct meaningful research about the pandemic.
On June 4th, Evidation Health announced a new effort to develop an early warning algorithm to detect symptoms of COVID-19 and to understand susceptibility to infection, funded by the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA), part of the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response at the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
“Many infected individuals are asymptomatic but still able to spread the virus, making efforts to prevent and slow transmission of COVID-19 difficult,” said Luca Foschini, Ph.D., Evidation’s co-founder and chief data scientist. “This initiative will use novel behavioral and physiological data to more effectively identify when and where people may contract COVID-19, and can potentially enable real-time interventions to limit spread and monitor outcomes.”
The analysis, performed in collaboration with non-profit 4YouandMe, will use de-identified data generated by self-reporting and wearable devices to track symptoms of COVID-19 in those at particularly high risk, including health care workers and other first responders, in order to better understand susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection. One potential outcome of this work is an early warning algorithm to help individuals better understand and monitor their respiratory disease symptoms and take precautions against their spread.
“The ability to self-monitor and be informed of health status will empower Americans in their decisions to help slow the spread of this pandemic and improve health outcomes for people with COVID-19,” said BARDA Acting Director, Gary Disbrow, Ph.D. “This pilot study is not only an early step in demonstrating the utility of models developed using person-generated health data but also may provide data to better understand the varied symptoms of COVID-19.”
This program follows Evidation’s work with BARDA to monitor individuals for respiratory infections, such as influenza. Evidation’s existing research on influenza utilizes person-generated health data and population-based models with the goal of improving real-time respiratory infection monitoring at the individual and population level. BARDA is contributing a $720,000 award as part of BARDA’s COVID-19 Rapidly Deployable Capabilities program to identify and pilot near-term innovative solutions for COVID-19. Support from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation is from the $250 million the foundation has committed to address the COVID-19 pandemic.
How Evidation Members Rallied Together Through COVID Pulse Survey
Through this challenging time, we we've been inspired by our members who responded to many questions with great empathy and creativity as they have adapted to new routines
We’ve been continuing to monitor sentiment in the community around the coronavirus through an Evidation Survey called COVID Pulse. Since kicking off the survey on March 12th right after the coronavirus was declared a pandemic, we’ve been sending out a weekly survey to our members.
We wanted to quantify participation and interest and share some of the latest trends from our most recent surveys. After we released the first survey, we received over 120,000+ responses in five days from over 20,000 United States zip codes. The highest percentage of responses came from the age groups in the range of 30–39, followed by the 18–29 age range, and lastly, the 40–49 range. Though, we did see representation from members ages 18–80+! We’ve been pleasantly surprised by the number of members who have continued to check in week over week to share their sentiment surrounding coronavirus. In fact, 11% of survey respondents have completed all five COVID Pulse Surveys to date and 22%+ completed four out of five COVID Pulse Surveys.
Most recently, we saw that over 85% of respondents said that if social distancing and stay at home orders were lifted today, they would know what to do to reduce chances of contracting the coronavirus. We also saw that members would continue to take the necessary precautions even if social distancing guidelines and stay at home orders were lifted. Over 60% would continue to stay at home and maintain social distancing behaviors. Additionally, nearly 70% said they would continue to start to wear protective equipment (for example a face mask) in public settings. For those who responded in locations where shelter in place has been lifted, only ~25% of respondents said that they were attending small social events.
Through this challenging time, we were also inspired by our members who responded to many questions with great empathy and creativity as they have adapted to new routines. In fact, when asked about their concerns if they were to be diagnosed, 75% of respondents expressed concern over getting others sick in their worries. This fear was followed by 60% of respondents expressing their worry over the physical discomforts of getting sick. Regarding ways to minimize changes to physical and mental health, we’ve seen an uptick in individuals sharing the importance of maintaining whatever routines possible, avoiding or taking breaks from the news, and a continued connection through video chats with friends and family. In fact, maintaining connection through social media scored high for Evidation Members as a method to socialize with others. Both last week and this week, 70% of respondents said they used social media to socialize with other people.
Get Your Cooking Game On
We know that being stuck indoors can be tough, but hopefully getting creative in the kitchen continues to be a fun pastime for many.
As we continue to be home during the coronavirus, we wanted to share another collection of snack ideas that you can make at home. We know that being stuck indoors can be tough, but hopefully getting creative in the kitchen continues to be a fun pastime for many.
- Try your hand at making a sweet or savory dip at home! Check out this greek cucumber yogurt dip from the Today Show or this three ingredient Healthy Honey Mustard Dip from the blog Cupcakes and Kale Chips.
- Experiment with no-bake bars like this No Bake Chocolate Oat Bar from All Recipes.
- Make your own cup of Dalgona Coffee (the Coronavirus trend that’s bringing out everyone’s internal barista)
- Test out the dessert that’s on the rise — make this three ingredient crème brûlée.
- Bring Disneyland to your home with Disney’s official homemade churro recipe.
- In the absence of a trip to Benihana’s, learn how to make this chicken fried rice at home.
- Check out Wacky cake. It’s an old favorite that came from the Depression when there was less access to ingredients. This cake only takes a few, simple ingredients.
- Have some Nutella handy in your pantry? Make these DIY Nutella pops with two other ingredients and a popsicle stick.
- Eat breakfast like one of the royal family by trying out Prince Charles’ famous cheesy baked eggs
- If you’re feeling fancy, you can also give Queen Elizabeth’s drop scones a try.
Oura Ring + Evidation = Match Made in Heaven
We know a big part of your Evidation experience is connecting apps and wearables to your account. Did you know here are more than 15 apps you can connect to help you earn points faster?
We know a big part of your Evidation experience is connecting apps and wearables to your account. To date, there are 15+ apps that you can connect to Evidation to track different activities that you take. For a reminder of which apps are available and where you can connect these apps to your experience, check out the Connect Apps page here.
We’re pleased today to share that the Oura Ring is now available to connect to Evidation. To connect your OURA ring and app, please follow these directions below:
- Log into the Evidation app or website > middle tab (apps section)
2. Connect > Oura > Log in to OURA account
Note: it may take a few minutes to sync. If the app shows ‘not yet synced’
Please go back to the middle tab and click down to refresh the app. If all dates did not retroactively sync, we recommend to disconnect the app from Evidation and reconnect.
Can a furry friend help you cope with COVID?
You may be wondering, can owning a dog help you live a bit healthier? It turns out that new dog owners in general are a promising sign of better health!
We know that the last few months have put everyone into a new funk. Work, lifestyles, and exercise are all uniquely different than they may have been back when 2020 started.
That’s why we decided to look at how Evidation Members were resting and perhaps coping with some of these changes. To better understand our community, we decided to look at members who logged fitbit data in 2019 and 2020 between January and April to see if the pandemic was causing people to change up their nap schedule (hopefully for the better). Total number of naps per user per day were counted and the average nap count per day was calculated across our Evidation population. See the figure below:
It appears that members are indeed napping far more than they were in 2019, beginning at about the time shelter in place orders began (which was around March 15, 2020, see grey in graph). On average, after shelter in place began, Evidation Members napped 14.37% more compared to the previous year during this time period. That’s many more naps! And hopefully, people are using this time to rest and recuperate.
We know that being mindful of sleep is one way people can take care of their health. However, we also observed in the news that fostering dogs has been at an all time high. It has become so popular that there’s even a waitlist.
So, in addition to users napping far more compared to last year, we delved more into what other things users are doing differently during this uncertain time. We released a survey a few weeks ago asking our members about their dogs, what type of relationship they have with their pets, and their activity habits with their pets. We received over 35,000 responses!
The first thing we wanted to know about our members and their pets was whether they had recently fostered a dog. It turns out that many people have begun to foster dogs, likely due to the pandemic. In total, 1,500+ Achievers indicated that they fostered their dog in between February and April of this year. Compare that to only 450+ Achievers during that time period last year. It definitely appears that the pandemic is causing people to go out and lend a helping hand to a homeless dog.
Of the people who recently fostered a dog, 55% indicated that they are now working from home due to the coronavirus. 39% said that they are still going into work, and 5% indicated that they had worked at home prior to the pandemic. These newly remote workers appear to be helping keep these shelters empty.
You may be wondering, can owning a dog help you live a bit healthier? It turns out that new dog owners in general are a promising sign of better health! For those that got their dog in 2019 or 2020, we found that members walk on average about 350 steps more per day, comparing the 30 days prior to getting a dog with the 30 days post getting a dog. Even in pandemic times (though members are walking far less than their 2019 dog owner counterparts, by about 1000 steps per day for those that got their dogs in March and April), members with new dogs are getting a 200 step increase in steps pre vs post dog ownership! Of course, this is expected, and we’re happy to report that dogs can help you get more steps. This trend turned out to be especially true for the older folks in our population. The 50+ population increased their steps by about 500 steps on average, compared to the ~200 step increase for those who are less than 50. Take a look:
Another interesting question we asked our members was whether or not they sleep with their pets and how often per week they sleep with their pets. While we didn’t see a necessary difference in sleep quality or total time when our members had their dog buddies snoozing with them, we did see many people report that they sleep next to their dogs. In fact, 73% of Evidation Members said they nap or sleep next to their dog, at least once per week. For members who said they nap or sleep next to their dog, over 19,000 reported to nap or sleep next to their dog at least 4 times a week! This may sound surprising for the folks who may not have furry pals, but many can attest that sleeping next to their dogs can be a comforting ritual.
The last thing we wanted to explore was whether we could learn anything about our members who had reported that having a dog had helped them manage with their health-condition (heart condition, limited mobility, etc). We found that 1000+ members agreed that having a dog helped. It seemed as though having a furry friend was very helpful for emotional support and well being. We did not find any concrete information around managing conditions, but were glad to hear that those who had self reported with many conditions (specifically anxiety, asthma, chronic pain, depression, diabetes, high cholesterol, hypertension and migraines) and who had a higher resting heart rate found having a pet to be supportive.
5 Ways to Live a Climate-Friendly Lifestyle While Sheltering In Place
5 tips to help you lead a more climate-friendly lifestyle all while safely sheltering in place!
This week, we celebrated Earth Day on April 22nd. While this year brought a fresh perspective on the day, we still found some great ideas on how to be involved even if some swaps to celebrations meant staying indoors.
We hope that these tips will help you lead a more climate-friendly lifestyle all while safely sheltering in place!
- NASA created all kinds of resources online to give Earth Day the proper 50th year celebration it deserved. Check out everything from satellite views of the planet to global archives of photos capturing hurricanes, wildfires, icebergs and more!
- Try planting something and create a little garden. For simple tips, read more in this USA Today Article.
- Experiment with a plant based meal. If you have a sweet tooth, check out these quick, easy swaps.
- Make a grocery list via any of these apps (AnyList, Mealime, Bring! to name a few) to more easily keep track of home food needs.
- Small actions can have a big impact! Switch to paperless bank statements where you can and make sure to unplug electronic devices and appliances when you aren’t using them around your home.
Give the Happiness Project Podcast a Listen
Check out The Happiness Lab podcast by Dr. Laurie Santos
Given how tumultuous a time it has been for all, we found this podcast with episodes that will lift your spirits. The Happiness Lab podcast is narrated by Dr. Laurie Santos who is a Yale professor who teaches a class called “Psychology and the Good Life.” Through various episodes, Dr. Santos references the latest, relevant scientific research and relates them to everyday experiences and some unusual moments.
In this specific series, she’s curated a variety of content related to coping with the coronavirus. We found a lot of the commentary relatable and useful.
The content specific to coronavirus includes the following:
- Beat Your Isolation Loneliness
- Coach Yourself Through a Crisis
- Rising to a Challenge
- Calm Can Be Contagious
- Help Others to Help Yourself
- Keep Your Relationship Happy
- Checking in with Susan David
Susan David is a Psychologist at Harvard Medical School who offers ways to manage fear and panic through healthy strategies that anyone can adopt. - Laurie’s Personal Tips
How Evidation Members Are Hacking Together Home Workouts
Exercise tips, routines, and links to favorite home workout videos from our Evidation Memebers
Though many people generally exercise at home, we know that there are many others who have had to recreate their regular exercise habits during this time of sheltering in place. We polled our Evidation community, and 70% of members who responded said they have been finding new ways to exercise or stay active during the coronavirus pandemic. We then asked our members to share some of their exercise tips, routines, and links to their favorite home workout videos and helpful stretches to inspire others.
Here are a few ways you can exercise at home:
- If you do not have a home gym set up or any weights, you can find ways to use household items to get a great exercise in.
- Similarly, instead of buying separate weights to create your own home gym, you can also purchase exercise video games for the whole family to join on the fun.
- Online videos and streaming sites like YouTube are common places that Achievers are getting exercise routines from. Here’s a list of fitness gyms and studios that are offering free classes.
- Fitness apps like Fitbit or MyFitnessPal also offer exercise tips for at home workouts and is also an easy way to keep track of your progress as well.
- Pinterest has been a popular site for inspiration and tips since Achievers are able to pin multiple resources to one place. Here’s an example of the many you can find.
- Zumba is an exercise-dance program that has been great to do in groups or by yourself. Here’s a resource to do Zumba at home.
- You can search social media platforms to find inspiring fitness instructors or live exercise sessions. Platforms like Facebook, Instagram, or Snapchat are easy places to start!
- Create your own workout routine or do the alphabet challenge by doing bodyweight exercises that spell out your name. You can start out with your name, your pet’s name, or anyone else in your household!
- If you’re looking for other ways to get your cardio in, you can try jump rope exercises. It’s a simple, but effective way to increase your heart rate and work out multiple areas.
- Another helpful exercise is stretching your muscles, it’s a great way to start or end your exercise session.
- For Achievers who may have limited mobility or who have chronic pain, these exercises and stretches are a great way to keep your body moving.
- If you’re looking for other ways to improve your flexibility or range of motion, yoga and pilates can be a fun way to stretch your muscles. It’s great for anyone at any difficulty level!
- Other exercises like barre offer a mixture of isometric holds to increase strength and also improve posture. Barre also requires little to no equipment!
- Whether you own a regular bike or a stationary bike, biking is one exercise that is easy on the joints and helps reduce stress. Here’s a few tips on how to make biking more fun.
- Practicing tai chi and breathing exercises offers many benefits for both your mental and physical health. You can stream videos to follow along and do them on your own once you learn the motion.